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Ball valve selection and installation

2023-12-12

Ball valve is one of the commonly used valves in production and life; it is mainly used in food, chemical, petroleum, electric power and other industries. The ball valve is mainly used to cut off, distribute and change the flow direction of the medium in the pipeline. It only needs to rotate 90 degrees and a small rotational torque to close tightly.

Ball valve application scope:

Valve body material: WCB, 304, 316

Operating temperature: <=150 ℃ (optimal operating temperature of fluorine-lined soft seal ball valve)

Applicable media: water, oil, nitric acid, acetic acid

Note: In actual procurement, the appropriate valve material is selected based on specific working condition information. (Under high temperature conditions, a hard-sealed ball valve needs to be selected)

Advantages of ball valves:

① The fluid resistance is small, and its resistance coefficient is equal to that of a pipe section of the same length.

② Simple structure, small size and light weight.

③ Tight and reliable. At present, plastic is widely used as the sealing surface material of ball valves, which has good sealing performance and has also been widely used in vacuum systems.

④ Easy to operate, quick to open and close, just rotate 90° from fully open to fully closed, convenient for long-distance control.

⑤ Easy to maintain, the ball valve has a simple structure, the sealing ring is generally movable, and it is easy to disassemble and replace.

⑥ When fully open or fully closed, the sealing surfaces of the ball and valve seat are isolated from the medium. When the medium passes, it will not cause erosion of the valve sealing surface.

⑦ It has a wide range of applications, with diameters ranging from a few millimeters to several meters, and can be applied from high vacuum to high pressure. When the ball rotates 90 degrees, it should all present a spherical surface at the inlet and outlet, thus cutting off the flow.

Structural features of ball valve:

① Opening and closing without friction. This function completely solves the problem of traditional valves affecting sealing due to mutual friction between sealing surfaces.

② Top-mounted structure. Valves installed on pipelines can be directly inspected and repaired online, which can effectively reduce device shutdowns and reduce costs.

③ Single valve seat design. It eliminates the problem of abnormal pressure increase of the medium in the valve cavity that affects the safety of use.

④ Low torque design. The specially designed valve stem only needs a small handle to open and close the valve easily.

⑤ Wedge sealing structure. The valve relies on the mechanical force provided by the valve stem to press the ball wedge onto the valve seat to seal, so that the sealing performance of the valve is not affected by changes in pipeline pressure difference, and the sealing performance is reliably guaranteed under various working conditions.

⑥Self-cleaning structure of sealing surface. When the ball tilts away from the valve seat, the fluid in the pipeline passes 360° evenly along the ball sealing surface, which not only eliminates the local erosion of the valve seat by the high-speed fluid, but also washes away the accumulation on the sealing surface, achieving the purpose of self-cleaning.

Ball valve selection principles:

① For main oil and natural gas transmission lines that need to be cleaned and buried underground, ball valves with full-bore and fully welded structures should be selected; if they are buried on the ground, ball valves with full-bore welded connections or flange connections should be selected; For branch pipes, flange connections, welded connections, full-bore or reduced-bore ball valves are selected.

② For refined oil transportation pipelines and storage equipment, use flange-connected ball valves.

③ For city gas and natural gas pipelines, floating ball valves with flange connection and internal thread connection should be used.

④ For the oxygen pipeline system in the metallurgical system, fixed ball valves with flange connections should be used that have undergone strict degreasing treatment.

⑤ For piping systems and devices with low-temperature media, it is advisable to use low-temperature ball valves with a valve cover.

⑥ For the piping system of the catalytic cracking unit of the oil refining unit, a lift-rod ball valve can be used.

⑦ For devices and piping systems with corrosive media such as acids and alkalis in chemical systems, all-stainless steel ball valves made of austenitic stainless steel and with polytetrafluoroethylene as the valve seat sealing ring should be used.

⑧ For pipeline systems or devices with high-temperature media in metallurgical systems, power systems, petrochemical installations, and urban heating systems, metal-to-metal sealing ball valves can be used.

⑨ When flow adjustment is required, a worm gear-driven, pneumatic or electric regulating ball valve with a V-shaped opening can be used.

Analysis of common faults of ball valves

Fault 1: Media leakage

Analysis: ① The valve is not closed tightly ② The sealing gasket is damaged

Solution: ① Re-close the valve ② Replace with new one

Note: If the medium temperature is too high and the medium contains too many particles, the sealing gasket will be damaged.

Fault 2: The valve stem is not sensitive

Analysis: The bolts are too tight or the bolts have different tightness in different places.

Solution: Loosen the gland bolts and loosen the left and right nuts evenly. Be careful not to leak.

Fault 3: Leakage at the connection between the valve body and the pipeline

Analysis: The connection surface is uneven, there is dirt, and the sealing gasket is damaged.

Solution: Correct the connection surface, remove dirt, and replace the sealing gasket

Ball valve installation precautions

① Before installation, you should carefully check whether the valve logo, certificate, etc. meet the usage requirements. Those with driving devices should be installed correctly and standardizedly.

② Before installation, the valve should be in a closed state to prevent impurities from entering the valve and damaging the sealing surface.

③ During use, the valve should be regularly inspected, maintained and maintained at least once a year, and problems should be checked in a timely manner to avoid problems during use.

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