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What is a needle valve used for?

2024-05-13

The working principle of the needle valve is to raise or lower the valve core by rotating the valve stem, thereby changing the gap between the valve core and the valve seat, thereby controlling the flow of the medium. The needle-shaped design of the valve core makes the contact area between the valve core and the valve seat small, so it has smaller flow loss and higher adjustment accuracy. Needle valves are usually used in situations where precise flow control is required, such as laboratories, chemical industry, pharmaceuticals and other fields.

Needle valves have two main functions in fluid lines:

1.Cut off the fluid

2.Adjust flow

Integral forged needle valves are indispensable steam and fluid control equipment in thermal power, petrochemical, aviation, offshore oil production and other industries. Especially high-temperature and high-pressure valves with temperatures ≥450°C and pressures ≥26MPa are in key parts of the process system.

The needle valve has the advantages of easy installation and disassembly, tight connection, good fire protection, explosion-proof and pressure resistance, and good sealing performance. It is an advanced connection valve in power stations, oil refining, chemical equipment and instrument measurement pipelines.

Advantages of needle valves include:

High adjustment accuracy:

Due to the small contact area between the valve core and the valve seat, more precise flow adjustment can be achieved.

Small traffic loss:

The valve core design of the needle valve makes the resistance of the medium pass through the valve smaller and reduces the flow loss.

High reliability:

The needle valve has a simple structure and no leakage points, so it has high reliability.

Wide range of application:

Needle valves are suitable for various media, including gas, liquid and corrosive media.

Process characteristics of needle valve:

1. The internal thread of the packing bolt is extruded, which has high strength, high precision and improved cycle life.

2. Double set screw locking handle, stable and reliable.

3. The stop pin prevents the valve cap from loosening during use and causing leakage.

4. The valve stem thread is cold-rolled and has high strength. The thread position is above the packing and is protected from the influence of the medium.

5. The valve head is overlayed with Stellite alloy, which has good wear resistance and long service life.

6. The ceramic valve core has higher hardness.

7. In the fully open position, the rear valve seat acts as a back seal.

Needle valve selection principles

Low-temperature needle valve: suitable for piping systems and devices with low-temperature media.

Lifting rod needle valve: suitable for piping systems of oil refining units and catalytic cracking units.

All stainless steel needle valve: suitable for devices and piping systems with corrosive media such as acid and alkali in chemical systems.

Metal-to-metal sealing needle valve: suitable for high-temperature media in metallurgical systems, power systems, petrochemical plants, and urban heating systems.

Adjusting needle valve: suitable for occasions where flow adjustment is required.

Full-bore welded needle valve: For oil and natural gas pipelines that need to be cleaned and buried underground, needle valves with full-bore welded structures should be used.

Flange-connected needle valve: suitable for transportation pipelines and storage equipment of refined oil, and oxygen pipeline systems in metallurgical systems.

Needle valve with flange connection and internal thread connection: on city gas and natural gas pipelines.

Needle valves cannot be used in the following situations:

1. Not suitable for fluids with particles and solidification (such as cinder, syrup, etc.).

2. Pay attention to the cleanliness of the pipeline. It is recommended to install a filter upstream of the pipeline to reduce valve wear.

3. Working pressure up to 6000psi

Commonly used materials for needle valves:

Brass

Brass needle valves are suitable for use in hydraulic systems, drinking water, high temperature applications and gas pipelines. They are ideally suited for neutral and non-corrosive media, most commonly drinking water applications. However, they should not be used with salt water (seawater), distilled water, acids or chlorides.

Stainless steel

Stainless steel needle valves offer excellent overall chemical resistance to virtually any media. The material is very durable and can withstand high temperatures and pressure. It is suitable for aggressive and corrosive media such as seawater, unless the stainless steel will be continuously exposed to salt water as it will corrode.

Plastic

Plastic needle valves are used for fine regulation of pure and corrosive fluids. However, plastics cannot withstand high temperatures or pressures and are typically used in applications below 60 degrees Celsius.

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